Workshop on Biomechanics and Chemotaxis, Wed, 12 Dec, 2007
Speaker: Kevin Painter
Abstract
Cell migration plays an essential role during both embryonic development
(e.g. gastrulation, neural crest migration) and in the normal
physiological responses of the adult (e.g. immune response, wound
healing). The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a vital role in regulating
movement by both providing a scaffold through which cells can generate
traction and imparting specific migratory cues through ECM-bound proteins.
The ECM also provides specific guidance to cells through preferential
movement by the cells along the matrix fibres, a process known as contact
guidance. The acquired ability of tumour cells to break free from the main
mass and migrate into the surrounding ECM is a key stage in increased
tumour malignancy.
Individual cell migration in the ECM can be classified into two main
groups: amoeboid and mesenchymal. In the former, cells move quickly and
have negligible effect on the structure of the surrounding ECM.
Mesenchymal migration, however, is much slower and extensive matrix
degradation takes place through the focussed expression of specific matrix
degrading proteins by the cells (pericellular proteolysis).
In this talk, I will describe both discrete and continuous models for
amoeboid and mesenchymal cell migration. Numerical investigations will be
used to demonstrate a potential role of contact guidance and matrix
degradation in directing the macroscopic organisation of cells and the
matrix. I will consider applications in the context of models for tumour
invasion.
URL: www.ricam.oeaw.ac.at/specsem/ssqbm/participants/abstracts/index.php
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