Optimal Control of Stefan Problems with Constraints
- Project Staff: Martin Bernauer
- Project Leader: Roland Griesse
- Project Leader: Karl Kunisch
Project Abstract
Free and moving boundary problems are ubiquitous in technical applications. They can serve as a model for free surfaces of liquids, or phase boundaries in phase transition phenomena etc. Free and moving boundary problems are characterized by the property that the domain of definition of the underlying partial differential equation is a priori unknown. By contrast, the domain is determined along with the solution of the equation.This project is concerned with the optimal control of moving boundary problems involving time-dependent partial differential equations on two- and three-dimensional domains. We focus on problems of Stefan type which model phase transitions, for instance in solidification problems. In many industrial solidification processes, including casting and crystal growth, it is desirable to influence the evolution and shape of the free boundary, which affect the product quality or the duration of the production cycle. Mathematically, this can be expressed in terms of an objective functional, and the problem can be cast as an optimal control problem for a moving boundary problem. The objective function may depend on the location, area, or curvature of the free boundary, as well as on the state (temperature) and control (heat fluxes and sources) variables. For instance, the objective function may express the desired evolution of the moving boundary, its desired final location, or it may penalize large boundary curvature.
Often, inequality constraints are required in order to avoid excessive boundary heat fluxes, to guide the moving boundary in a band around its desired track, or to prevent the moving boundary from entering a specified area. In this project, we shall investigate numerical techniques for free boundary optimal control problems of Stefan type, with constraints on the location of the free boundary. In contrast to previous approaches, we shall utilize the structure of the optimality system, incorporate second-order information and employ level-set techniques to describe the evolution of the free surface.
Keywords and AMS Classification
- optimal control
- Stefan problem
- state constraints
- moving boundary problem
- necessary optimality conditions
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